Volume 57 N. 4 ottobre-dicembre

di studenti (8,7% dei maschi e 9,1% delle femmine). Le conoscenze dei danni alcol-correlati sono risultate abbastanza diffuse circa gli effetti tossici più noti.
È infine risultato che gli energy drink sono consumati solo da una minoranza degli studenti.
Le principali associazioni tra i consumi in esame sono risultate quelle tra consumo di tabacco e consumo alcol e tra consumi di tabacco e alcol degli studenti e quelli dei loro genitori ed amici.

Key words: epidemiological investigation, alcohol consumption, tobacco consumption, energy drinks consumption, university students

SUMMARY
Objectives: university students face multiple stressors, especially academic overload and competition with peers, which can cause potential health risk behaviors such as smoking, alcohol drinking and energy drink use. To date very few studies have explored this field.
The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of legal psychotropic substance use among over 300 college students of the University of Perugia (Italy) and to verify their attitudes and knowledge toward these substances.
Method: a descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted. Data were collected from university students on a voluntary basis using an anonymous self-administered questionnaire.
Results: the results showed a widespread use of tobacco: 29.5% daily smokers for males (11 cigarettes smoked per day) and 21.4% for females (8 cigarettes smoked per day) and these habits were closely related to peer and parental smoking. The level of the student knowledge concerning the health consequences of smoking was good, except for the even if only one third of students have reported correctly the number of tobacco-related deaths per year in Italy which was correctly reported only by one third of students. This result clearly shows that the interviewed students tend to underestimate the health risks of smoking. The principal source of information about health effects of smoking resulted to be their parents (64,2%), whereas lowest scores were reported for teachers, physicians, mass media and health education/promotion campaigns.
The results about alcohol consumption among enrolled university students showed that females were non- drinkers more frequently than males (17,2% of females and 10% of males). The prevalence of daily alcohol use was low (7,1% for males and 5,6% for females), whereas the most prevalent alcohol use was the heavy episodic drinking or binge drinking (8,7% for males and 9,1% for females). Among the interviewed university students there was an encouraging baseline level of knowledge regarding alcohol use and its toxic effects.
Finally, we found that energy drink consumption was not a popular practice among the university students. An expected relationship between use of tobacco and alcohol consumption was confirmed in this study, as well as their habits and the relationship between friend and parental use of tobacco and alcohol.

Silvio Geninatti, ASL To 2, Responsabile Ricerche Statistiche ed Epidemiologiche

Alessandro Tricomi, Statistico

Alessandra D’Alfonso, ASL To 2, Responsabile Sistema Qualità e Gestione del Rischio

Parole chiave: adolescenza, salute percepita, HBSC, profili di rischio

RIASSUNTO

Obiettivi: nell’ambito dello studio HBSC applicato agli studenti del 1° anno della Scuola Media Superiore (n=2123) di Torino, una città del Nord Italia (900.000 abitanti) è stato indagato lo stato di salute percepito e la relazione con altre variabili di interesse.
Metodologia: è stato somministrato un questionario anonimo validato. Sono state applicate statistiche descrittive, test di consistenza interna Alfa di Cronbach, misure di associazione e relativi intervalli di confidenza ed infine un modello di Analisi delle Componenti Principali.
Risultati: a differenza di quanto risulta dagli indicatori utilizzati dagli epidemiologi (ospedalizzazione e mortalità) che suggeriscono come l’adolescenza sia una età caratterizzata da buona salute, è risultato che il 24% delle femmine e il 14% dei maschi sarebbe afflitto da un quotidiano malessere di tipo somatico mentre il 32% e il 22% da disturbi di tipo psicologico rispettivamente. Valori di OR positivi sono osservabili per fattori potenzialmente esplicativi quali esposizione a PC, TV e non fare colazione. Bassi punteggi nella sfera delle abilità sociale e fiducia in se stessi, del successo e integrazione scolastica e nelle relazioni tra pari sono associati a OR elevati (statisticamente significativi). Tre profili di adolescente sono stati poi estratti con l’ausilio della tecnica dell’Analisi delle Componenti Principali.

Conclusioni: benché il disegno si sia rivelato un ottimo strumento di valutazione della comprensione nei bambini dei messaggi preventivi relativi agli incidenti, esso non è particolarmente approfondito. In studi futuri, sarebbe auspicabile integrare i disegni con altri dati, per esempio discussioni di gruppo dei bambi- ni, facilitate dalle educatrici. Inoltre, nelle aree in cui si è effettuato l’intervento, è auspicabile il monitoraggio dell’incidenza degli incidenti domestici, andando a verificare se, rispetto a popolazioni di controllo, si registra una diminuzione di mortalità e ricoveri.

Key words: domestic injuries, nursery schools, 3/6 year children, prevention, evaluation

SUMMARY
Objectives: in western countries, domestic injuries represent the primary cause for children’s death and the cause of 20% of pediatric patients’ hospital admissions. The Italian Health Minister has inserted in the National Prevention Plan 2005-2007 a line of action to improve security at home. In 2011, a specific project of prevention (named La valigia di Affy Fiutapericolo) was developed for nursery schools, involving also teachers. The project was funded by the Center for Diseases Control, and the following Regions participated: Piemonte (coordinator), Valle d’Aosta, Veneto, Campania and Sicilia. After an experimental phase, the project was proposed to all the nursery schools of Novara and surroundings and 16 participated. At the end of the preventive intervention, a research was designed in order to evaluate: children’s outcomes in terms of knowledge achievements on domestic injuries, and participants’ satisfaction with the project. Methods: among the nursery schools that adhered to the project, 12 classes participated in the study, involving a total of 274 children. To evaluate youngsters’ knowledge achievements, drawings were utilized, in line with indications given by the literature on doing research with children. Satisfaction with the project was evaluated through an open ended questionnaire, filled out by teachers.
Results: for the research purposes, 175 drawings resulted appropriate, and they were analyzed by two blind researchers, who individuated the subjects represented in the drawings. Falls, drowning, burns and cut injuries were the most represented, while electrocutions, poisonings, suffocations were less outlined, and differences in children at different ages were found. Referring to the environments in which injuries took place, garden, stairs and kitchen resulted the most represented.
Questionnaires results show that children expressed high satisfaction with the assigned task.
Conclusions: even if drawings have revealed as an excellent instrument for evaluating the children’s comprehension of the preventive messages on domestic injuries, they are not particularly detailed. In future studies, integrating drawings with other data, i.e. children’s focus groups facilitated by teachers, could be more effective. Furthermore, it would be useful to monitor incidence of domestic injuries in those areas in which the preventive intervention has been carried out, verifying if a lower mortality and fewer hospital admissions are registered, when compared to control groups.

Marco Cristofori, ASL 2 Terni

Amalia De Luca, Azienda Sanitaria Provinciale Cosenza

Teresa Di Fiandra, Ministero della Salute

alla legalità, la riabilitazione ed il reinserimento nella comunità. Si riporta un modello di impostazione per il coinvolgimento sistematico in attività sportive e ludico-ricreative di giovani in una casa famiglia. La letteratura e l’insieme delle osservazioni sostiene il ruolo delle AMPA anche nel superamento dell’emarginazione e del disagio, fondamentalmente attraverso dinamiche di gruppo. Elementi essenziali: stimoli sotto la guida di un adulto, rispetto di regole e compagni, raggiungimento di obiettivi comuni, incremento del senso di autoefficacia e autostima in una cornice più ampia di educazione alla corporeità ed alla legalità.

Key words: youth, physical activity, personal and social responsibility, physical activity and mental health, prevention

SUMMARY

Objective: to analyze the theme of preventable morbidity related to youth problems with particular regard to the preventive role of physical activities, in order to implement a pilot study of health promotion at psychological, physical, social and spiritual level. Application of the integrated pilot study in a young house family context.
Methods: state-of-the-art literature review, definition of a pilot study adapted to different situations including prisons and young house families. Daily diary, questionnaire and individualized physical activity programs have been included in the project.
Results: preventive and adapted physical activity can play a role not only in the reduction of non-communicable diseases, but also in the elimination of youth social problems, also through the diffusion of the principle of legality, the rehabilitation and reintegration into the community. Results confirmed that preventive and adapted physical activities play a role also in reducing marginalization processes, mainly through group dynamics. Essential elements: incentives under the guide of an adult person, rules and playmates respect, common goals achievement, increase of the sense of forcefulness and self-confidence in a wider context of education about corporeity and legality.